Ubwihindurize bw'impapuro

Impapuro nkibikoresho byingenzi mumateka yubumuntu bwabantu, nyuma yinzira ndende yiterambere no gukomeza gutera imbere no guhanga udushya, byahindutse ikintu cyingirakamaro muri societe yacu ya none.

Icyiciro cya mbere: igihe cyambere cyo kwandika ibikoresho bifatika. Ibikoresho bya mbere byanditse byanditse ahagana mu 2600 mbere ya Yesu. Muri kiriya gihe, abantu bakoreshaga ibikoresho bikomeye nka SLATE n'ibiti nk'abatwara inyandiko, ariko ibi bikoresho byari bikomeye kandi ntibiramba, kandi byari bikwiriye gusa inyandiko zingenzi.

Icyiciro cya kabiri: igihe cyoroshye cyo gukora impapuro. Mu 105 nyuma ya Yesu, Ingoma ya Han yasohoye impapuro muburyo bwemewe, ikoresheje ibyatsi n’ibiti byo mu biti, imyenda, rattan, n’ibindi, mu gukora impapuro, kubera igiciro cyinshi, cyane cyane ku myandikire, kubyara ibitabo n’ibindi bihe byingenzi.

Icyiciro cya gatatu: kuzamura muri rusange igihe cyikoranabuhanga ryimpapuro. Mu ngoma ya Tang, tekinoroji yo gukora impapuro yateye imbere cyane. Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora impapuro byaguwe kuva mubyatsi no mumibabi kugeza kuri taupe ibyatsi nimpapuro, bityo igiciro cyumusaruro kigabanuka. Kuva icyo gihe, tekinoroji yo gukora impapuro yagiye ikwirakwira mu bindi bihugu no mu turere, nk'Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo, Ubuhinde n'ibindi byatangiye gukoresha impapuro.

Icyiciro cya kane: umusaruro winganda mugihe cyimpapuro. Mu kinyejana cya 18, abakora impapuro batangiye gukora impapuro kumurongo no gukoresha ingufu za parike kugirango batware imashini nini. Mu kinyejana cya 19, ibiti byabaye ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora impapuro, kandi hagaragara ubwoko bwinshi bwimpapuro.

Icyiciro cya gatanu: igihe cyiterambere rirambye. Nyuma yo kwinjira mu kinyejana cya 21, izamuka ry’igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye ryatumye inganda zikora impapuro zitangira kwita ku kurengera ibidukikije no kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya. Abakora impapuro bafashe ibikoresho fatizo bishobora kuvugururwa, nk'imigano, ibyatsi by'ingano, ibyatsi, ibyatsi by'ibigori, n'ibindi, hamwe n'ibikoresho by'icyatsi nk'ipamba yera n'impapuro zitunganijwe neza, kugira ngo bigerweho, kandi bikomeze guteza imbere no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya kugira ngo bigerweho kugabanya ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, kugabanya ingaruka z’inganda ku bidukikije, no guteza imbere kurengera ibidukikije

Nkibikoresho byingenzi mumateka yubumuntu bwabantu, impapuro zanyuze munzira ndende yiterambere, nyuma yo gukomeza gutera imbere no guhanga udushya, byabaye ikintu cyingirakamaro muri societe yacu ya none. Hamwe n’izamuka ry’igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye, inganda zikora impapuro nazo zirazamura kandi zirahinduka, zihora zishakisha icyitegererezo cy’iterambere ry’ibidukikije kandi cyangiza ibidukikije, kandi cyateje imbere ibicuruzwa bitandukanye by’icyatsi kibisi. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga, turashobora gutegereza kuvuka kwinshi mubicuruzwa bishya byimpapuro bifite tekiniki nagaciro kubuhanzi.